英語閱讀能力依靠什么？必然是詞匯的積累，但，僅僅是詞匯的積累是不夠了，更應該了解英語句式，不同句型所表達意義。如何培養自己的閱讀語感呢？那么就跟著聚創考研網小編每天學一點英語，一起為考研筑起堅實的地基。閱讀是需要積累的，就像我們需要經常和人溝通才會促進我們的表達能力一樣~小伙伴跟著小編一起，每天堅持打卡，培養英語閱讀能力及語感，了解文章一些經典詞匯的用法。

經濟學人:植物壓力大也會“說話”

Take care of your plants!They may “scream” if you treat them badly.Although this is an exaggeration, plants can make sounds when they are stressed, according to a recent paper published in Cell.“Plants interact with insects and other animals all the time, and many of these organisms use sound for communication,so it would be very suboptimal for plants not to use sound at all,”Lilach Hadany, co-author of the study, told Science Focus.With this in mind, the research team started by recording plants’ sounds.They placed tobacco and tomato plants in soundproof boxes to shut off the noise in the environment.

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愛護你的植物吧！如果不好好侍弄這些植物，它們可能會“尖叫”。雖然“尖叫”是一種夸張的說法，但最近發表在《細胞》雜志上的一篇論文指出，植物在受到壓力時也會發出聲音。“植物一直在與昆蟲和其他動物互動，其中許多生物之間都用聲音交流，所以對植物來說，完全不發出聲音是非常不便的。”論文通訊作者Lilach Hadany在接受《科學焦點》雜志采訪時表示，考慮到植物會用聲音交流，研究團隊開始記錄植物的聲音。研究人員將煙草和番茄植株置于隔音箱中，隔絕環境中的噪音。

 

Several ultrasonic microphones were then put near the plants, which can record at frequencies between 20 and 250 kilohertz.The maximum frequency that a human adult’s ear can hear is about 16 kilohertz.There were three groups of plants:One group wasn’t watered for five days, another group had the stems cut off and the last group was untouched.The microphones caught sounds at a frequency of 40 to 80 kilohertz from the first two groups.The sound, which was similar to the noise of popcorn popping when “translated” into a frequency humans can hear,grew louder and louder during the five days of water stress.They then began to decline as the plants dried out.

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然后將幾個超聲波麥克風放在植物附近。這些麥克風可以捕捉到頻率為20千赫至250千赫的超聲波，而成年人能聽到的最高頻率不過約16千赫。研究人員設置了三組植物：一組植物五天沒有澆水，另一組植物的莖被剪掉，最后一組則保持了原狀。據前兩組的麥克風錄音顯示，這些植物發出了頻率在40千赫至80千赫的聲音。將植物發出的聲音“轉譯”為人類能聽到的頻率，會聽到一種類似于爆米花爆裂的聲音，而在缺水的五天里，爆裂聲變得越來越大。然后，隨著植物干枯，聲音開始下降。

 

A stressed plant produced the popping sound around 30 to 50 times per hour,while the untouched group only produced around once per hour, according to the study.The researchers haven’t yet discovered how the sounds are made.One theory is that they could be made during cavitation,which is a process of an air bubble in the plant collapsing under some kind of pressure.After the experiment, the team gathered the data on stressed plants and then made machine-learning software that could tell how plants “feel”.It could differentiate between unstressed plants, thirsty plants and cut plants,which can be useful for farmers in monitoring the conditions of their crops.

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一株受到壓力的植物每小時發出大約30至50次爆裂聲，而未受壓力的植物每小時只發出約一次聲音，研究表明。研究人員尚未了解這些聲音是如何產生的。有一種理論認為，聲音可能是因發生氣穴現象而產生，該現象指植物中的氣泡在某種壓力下破裂的過程。實驗結束后，研究團隊收集了受到壓力的植物的數據，還開發了機器算法軟件，用以識別植物的“感覺”如何。這套算法可以區分未受壓力的植物、缺水的植物和割斷了的植物，因此對農民監測作物的生長狀況大有助益。